Determine if current state is "unguarded".
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public static function isUnguarded()
    {
        return static::$unguarded;
    }

    /**
     * Run the given callable while being unguarded.
     *
     * @param  callable  $callback
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function unguarded(callable $callback)
    {
        if (static::$unguarded) {
            return $callback();
        }

        static::unguard();

        try {
            return $callback();
        } finally {
            static::reguard();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given attribute may be mass assigned.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isFillable($key)
    {
        if (static::$unguarded) {
            return true;
        }

        // If the key is in the "fillable" array, we can of course assume that it's
        // a fillable attribute. Otherwise, we will check the guarded array when
        // we need to determine if the attribute is black-listed on the model.
        if (in_array($key, $this->getFillable())) {
            return true;
        }

        if ($this->isGuarded($key)) {
            return false;
        }

        return empty($this->getFillable()) && ! Str::startsWith($key, '_');
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given key is guarded.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isGuarded($key)
    {
        return in_array($key, $this->getGuarded()) || $this->getGuarded() == ['*'];
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the model is totally guarded.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function totallyGuarded()
    {
        return count($this->getFillable()) == 0 && $this->getGuarded() == ['*'];
    }

    /**
     * Remove the table name from a given key.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return string
     */
    protected function removeTableFromKey($key)
    {
        if (! Str::contains($key, '.')) {
            return $key;
        }

        return last(explode('.', $key));
    }

    /**
     * Get the relationships that are touched on save.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getTouchedRelations()
    {
        return $this->touches;
    }

    /**
     * Set the relationships that are touched on save.
     *
     * @param  array  $touches
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setTouchedRelations(array $touches)
    {
        $this->touches = $touches;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value indicating whether the IDs are incrementing.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function getIncrementing()
    {
        return $this->incrementing;
    }

    /**
     * Set whether IDs are incrementing.
     *
     * @param  bool  $value
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setIncrementing($value)
    {
        $this->incrementing = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Convert the model instance to JSON.
     *
     * @param  int  $options
     * @return string
     */
    public function toJson($options = 0)
    {
        return json_encode($this->jsonSerialize(), $options);
    }

    /**
     * Convert the object into something JSON serializable.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function jsonSerialize()
    {
        return $this->toArray();
    }

    /**
     * Convert the model instance to an array.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function toArray()
    {
        $attributes = $this->attributesToArray();

        return array_merge($attributes, $this->relationsToArray());
    }

    /**
     * Convert the model's attributes to an array.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function attributesToArray()
    {
        $attributes = $this->getArrayableAttributes();

        // If an attribute is a date, we will cast it to a string after converting it
        // to a DateTime / Carbon instance. This is so we will get some consistent
        // formatting while accessing attributes vs. arraying / JSONing a model.
        foreach ($this->getDates() as $key) {
            if (! isset($attributes[$key])) {
                continue;
            }

            $attributes[$key] = $this->serializeDate(
                $this->asDateTime($attributes[$key])
            );
        }

        $mutatedAttributes = $this->getMutatedAttributes();

        // We want to spin through all the mutated attributes for this model and call
        // the mutator for the attribute. We cache off every mutated attributes so
        // we don't have to constantly check on attributes that actually change.
        foreach ($mutatedAttributes as $key) {
            if (! array_key_exists($key, $attributes)) {
                continue;
            }

            $attributes[$key] = $this->mutateAttributeForArray(
                $key, $attributes[$key]
            );
        }

        // Next we will handle any casts that have been setup for this model and cast
        // the values to their appropriate type. If the attribute has a mutator we
        // will not perform the cast on those attributes to avoid any confusion.
        foreach ($this->getCasts() as $key => $value) {
            if (! array_key_exists($key, $attributes) ||
                in_array($key, $mutatedAttributes)) {
                continue;
            }

            $attributes[$key] = $this->castAttribute(
                $key, $attributes[$key]
            );

            if ($attributes[$key] && ($value === 'date' || $value === 'datetime')) {
                $attributes[$key] = $this->serializeDate($attributes[$key]);
            }
        }

        // Here we will grab all of the appended, calculated attributes to this model
        // as these attributes are not really in the attributes array, but are run
        // when we need to array or JSON the model for convenience to the coder.
        foreach ($this->getArrayableAppends() as $key) {
            $attributes[$key] = $this->mutateAttributeForArray($key, null);
        }

        return $attributes;
    }

    /**
     * Get an attribute array of all arrayable attributes.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getArrayableAttributes()
    {
        return $this->getArrayableItems($this->attributes);
    }

    /**
     * Get all of the appendable values that are arrayable.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getArrayableAppends()
    {
        if (! count($this->appends)) {
            return [];
        }

        return $this->getArrayableItems(
            array_combine($this->appends, $this->appends)
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get the model's relationships in array form.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function relationsToArray()
    {
        $attributes = [];

        foreach ($this->getArrayableRelations() as $key => $value) {
            // If the values implements the Arrayable interface we can just call this
            // toArray method on the instances which will convert both models and
            // collections to their proper array form and we'll set the values.
            if ($value instanceof ArrayableInterface) {
                $relation = $value->toArray();
            }

            // If the value is null, we'll still go ahead and set it in this list of
            // attributes since null is used to represent empty relationships if
            // if it a has one or belongs to type relationships on the models.
            elseif (is_null($value)) {
                $relation = $value;
            }

            // If the relationships snake-casing is enabled, we will snake case this
            // key so that the relation attribute is snake cased in this returned
            // array to the developers, making this consistent with attributes.
            if (static::$snakeAttributes) {
                $key = Str::snake($key);
            }

            // If the relation value has been set, we will set it on this attributes
            // list for returning. If it was not arrayable or null, we'll not set
            // the value on the array because it is some type of invalid value.
            if (isset($relation) || is_null($value)) {
                $attributes[$key] = $relation;
            }

            unset($relation);
        }

        return $attributes;
    }

    /**
     * Get an attribute array of all arrayable relations.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getArrayableRelations()
    {
        return $this->getArrayableItems($this->relations);
    }

    /**
     * Get an attribute array of all arrayable values.
     *
     * @param  array  $values
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getArrayableItems(array $values)
    {
        if (count($this->getVisible()) > 0) {
            $values = array_intersect_key($values, array_flip($this->getVisible()));
        }

        if (count($this->getHidden()) > 0) {
            $values = array_diff_key($values, array_flip($this->getHidden()));
        }

        return $values;
    }

    /**
     * Get an attribute from the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getAttribute($key)
    {
        if (array_key_exists($key, $this->attributes) || $this->hasGetMutator($key)) {
            return $this->getAttributeValue($key);
        }

        return $this->getRelationValue($key);
    }

    /**
     * Get a plain attribute (not a relationship).
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getAttributeValue($key)
    {
        $value = $this->getAttributeFromArray($key);

        // If the attribute has a get mutator, we will call that then return what
        // it returns as the value, which is useful for transforming values on
        // retrieval from the model to a form that is more useful for usage.
        if ($this->hasGetMutator($key)) {
            return $this->mutateAttribute($key, $value);
        }

        // If the attribute exists within the cast array, we will convert it to
        // an appropriate native PHP type dependant upon the associated value
        // given with the key in the pair. Dayle made this comment line up.
        if ($this->hasCast($key)) {
            return $this->castAttribute($key, $value);
        }

        // If the attribute is listed as a date, we will convert it to a DateTime
        // instance on retrieval, which makes it quite convenient to work with
        // date fields without having to create a mutator for each property.
        if (in_array($key, $this->getDates()) && ! is_null($value)) {
            return $this->asDateTime($value);
        }

        return $value;
    }

    /**
     * Get a relationship.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getRelationValue($key)
    {
        // If the key already exists in the relationships array, it just means the
        // relationship has already been loaded, so we'll just return it out of
        // here because there is no need to query within the relations twice.
        if ($this->relationLoaded($key)) {
            return $this->relations[$key];
        }

        // If the "attribute" exists as a method on the model, we will just assume
        // it is a relationship and will load and return results from the query
        // and hydrate the relationship's value on the "relationships" array.
        if (method_exists($this, $key)) {
            return $this->getRelationshipFromMethod($key);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get an attribute from the $attributes array.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function getAttributeFromArray($key)
    {
        if (array_key_exists($key, $this->attributes)) {
            return $this->attributes[$key];
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get a relationship value from a method.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @return mixed
     *
     * @throws \LogicException
     */
    protected function getRelationshipFromMethod($method)
    {
        $relations = $this->$method();

        if (! $relations instanceof Relation) {
            throw new LogicException('Relationship method must return an object of type '
                .'FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Orm\Relations\Relation');
        }

        $this->setRelation($method, $results = $relations->getResults());

        return $results;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if a get mutator exists for an attribute.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasGetMutator($key)
    {
        return method_exists($this, 'get'.Str::studly($key).'Attribute');
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of an attribute using its mutator.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function mutateAttribute($key, $value)
    {
        return $this->{'get'.Str::studly($key).'Attribute'}($value);
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of an attribute using its mutator for array conversion.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function mutateAttributeForArray($key, $value)
    {
        $value = $this->mutateAttribute($key, $value);

        return $value instanceof ArrayableInterface ? $value->toArray() : $value;
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether an attribute should be cast to a native type.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  array|string|null  $types
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasCast($key, $types = null)
    {
        if (array_key_exists($key, $this->getCasts())) {
            return $types ? in_array($this->getCastType($key), (array) $types, true) : true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the casts array.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getCasts()
    {
        if ($this->getIncrementing()) {
            return array_merge([
                $this->getKeyName() => $this->keyType,
            ], $this->casts);
        }

        return $this->casts;
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether a value is Date / DateTime castable for inbound manipulation.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isDateCastable($key)
    {
        return $this->hasCast($key, ['date', 'datetime']);
    }

    /**
     * Determine whether a value is JSON castable for inbound manipulation.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function isJsonCastable($key)
    {
        return $this->hasCast($key, ['array', 'json', 'object', 'collection']);
    }

    /**
     * Get the type of cast for a model attribute.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return string
     */
    protected function getCastType($key)
    {
        return trim(strtolower($this->getCasts()[$key]));
    }

    /**
     * Cast an attribute to a native PHP type.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return mixed
     */
    protected function castAttribute($key, $value)
    {
        if (is_null($value)) {
            return $value;
        }

        switch ($this->getCastType($key)) {
            case 'int':
            case 'integer':
                return (int) $value;
            case 'real':
            case 'float':
            case 'double':
                return (float) $value;
            case 'string':
                return (string) $value;
            case 'bool':
            case 'boolean':
                return (bool) $value;
            case 'object':
                return $this->fromJson($value, true);
            case 'array':
            case 'json':
                return $this->fromJson($value);
            case 'collection':
                return new BaseCollection($this->fromJson($value));
            case 'date':
            case 'datetime':
                return $this->asDateTime($value);
            case 'timestamp':
                return $this->asTimeStamp($value);
            default:
                return $value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Set a given attribute on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setAttribute($key, $value)
    {
        // First we will check for the presence of a mutator for the set operation
        // which simply lets the developers tweak the attribute as it is set on
        // the model, such as "json_encoding" an listing of data for storage.
        if ($this->hasSetMutator($key)) {
            $method = 'set'.Str::studly($key).'Attribute';

            return $this->{$method}($value);
        }

        // If an attribute is listed as a "date", we'll convert it from a DateTime
        // instance into a form proper for storage on the database tables using
        // the connection grammar's date format. We will auto set the values.
        elseif ($value && (in_array($key, $this->getDates()) || $this->isDateCastable($key))) {
            $value = $this->fromDateTime($value);
        }

        if ($this->isJsonCastable($key) && ! is_null($value)) {
            $value = $this->asJson($value);
        }

        $this->attributes[$key] = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if a set mutator exists for an attribute.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasSetMutator($key)
    {
        return method_exists($this, 'set'.Str::studly($key).'Attribute');
    }

    /**
     * Get the attributes that should be converted to dates.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getDates()
    {
        $defaults = [static::CREATED_AT, static::UPDATED_AT];

        return $this->timestamps ? array_merge($this->dates, $defaults) : $this->dates;
    }

    /**
     * Convert a DateTime to a storable string.
     *
     * @param  \DateTime|int  $value
     * @return string
     */
    public function fromDateTime($value)
    {
        $format = $this->getDateFormat();

        $value = $this->asDateTime($value);

        return $value->format($format);
    }

    /**
     * Return a timestamp as DateTime object.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return \DateTime
     */
    protected function asDateTime($value)
    {
        // If this value is already a DateTime instance, we shall just return it as is.
        if ($value instanceof DateTime) {
            return $value;
        }

         // If the value is already a DateTime instance, we will just skip the rest of
         // these checks since they will be a waste of time, and hinder performance
         // when checking the field. We will just return the DateTime right away.
        if ($value instanceof DateTimeInterface) {
            return new DateTime(
                $value->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u'), $value->getTimeZone()
            );
        }

        // If this value is an integer, we will assume it is a UNIX timestamp's value
        // and format a DateTime object from this timestamp. This allows flexibility
        // when defining your date fields as they might be UNIX timestamps here.
        if (is_numeric($value)) {
        	return new \DateTime($value);
        }

        // If the value is in simply year, month, day format, we will instantiate the
        // DateTime instances from that format. Again, this provides for simple date
        // fields on the database.
        if (preg_match('/^(\d{4})-(\d{1,2})-(\d{1,2})$/', $value)) {
            $dateTime = DateTime::createFromFormat('Y-m-d', $value);
            $dateTime->setTime(0, 0, 0);
            return $dateTime;
        }

        // Finally, we will just assume this date is in the format used by default on
        // the database connection and use that format to create the DateTime object
        // that is returned back out to the developers after we convert it here.
        return DateTime::createFromFormat($this->getDateFormat(), $value);
    }

    /**
     * Return a timestamp as unix timestamp.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return int
     */
    protected function asTimeStamp($value)
    {
        return $this->asDateTime($value)->getTimestamp();
    }

    /**
     * Prepare a date for array / JSON serialization.
     *
     * @param  \DateTime  $date
     * @return string
     */
    protected function serializeDate(DateTime $date)
    {
        return $date->format($this->getDateFormat());
    }

    /**
     * Set the date format used by the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $format
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setDateFormat($format)
    {
        $this->dateFormat = $format;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Encode the given value as JSON.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return string
     */
    protected function asJson($value)
    {
        return json_encode($value);
    }

    /**
     * Decode the given JSON back into an array or object.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @param  bool  $asObject
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function fromJson($value, $asObject = false)
    {
        return json_decode($value, ! $asObject);
    }

    /**
     * Clone the model into a new, non-existing instance.
     *
     * @param  array|null  $except
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Orm\Model
     */
    public function replicate(array $except = null)
    {
        $defaults = [
            $this->getKeyName(),
            $this->getCreatedAtColumn(),
            $this->getUpdatedAtColumn(),
        ];

        $except = $except ? array_unique(array_merge($except, $defaults)) : $defaults;

        $attributes = Arr::except($this->attributes, $except);

        $instance = new static;

        $instance->setRawAttributes($attributes);

        return $instance->setRelations($this->relations);
    }

    /**
     * Get all of the current attributes on the model.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getAttributes()
    {
        return $this->attributes;
    }

    /**
     * Set the array of model attributes. No checking is done.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @param  bool  $sync
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRawAttributes(array $attributes, $sync = false)
    {
        $this->attributes = $attributes;

        if ($sync) {
            $this->syncOriginal();
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the model's original attribute values.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $key
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed|array
     */
    public function getOriginal($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        return Arr::get($this->original, $key, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Sync the original attributes with the current.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function syncOriginal()
    {
        $this->original = $this->attributes;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sync a single original attribute with its current value.
     *
     * @param  string  $attribute
     * @return $this
     */
    public function syncOriginalAttribute($attribute)
    {
        $this->original[$attribute] = $this->attributes[$attribute];

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the model or given attribute(s) have been modified.
     *
     * @param  array|string|null  $attributes
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isDirty($attributes = null)
    {
        $dirty = $this->getDirty();

        if (is_null($attributes)) {
            return count($dirty) > 0;
        }

        if (! is_array($attributes)) {
            $attributes = func_get_args();
        }

        foreach ($attributes as $attribute) {
            if (array_key_exists($attribute, $dirty)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the attributes that have been changed since last sync.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getDirty()
    {
        $dirty = [];

        foreach ($this->attributes as $key => $value) {
            if (! array_key_exists($key, $this->original)) {
                $dirty[$key] = $value;
            } elseif ($value !== $this->original[$key] &&
                                 ! $this->originalIsNumericallyEquivalent($key)) {
                $dirty[$key] = $value;
            }
        }

        return $dirty;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the new and old values for a given key are numerically equivalent.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function originalIsNumericallyEquivalent($key)
    {
        $current = $this->attributes[$key];

        $original = $this->original[$key];

        return is_numeric($current) && is_numeric($original) && strcmp((string) $current, (string) $original) === 0;
    }

    /**
     * Get all the loaded relations for the instance.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getRelations()
    {
        return $this->relations;
    }

    /**
     * Get a specified relationship.
     *
     * @param  string  $relation
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getRelation($relation)
    {
        return $this->relations[$relation];
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given relation is loaded.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function relationLoaded($key)
    {
        return array_key_exists($key, $this->relations);
    }

    /**
     * Set the specific relationship in the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $relation
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRelation($relation, $value)
    {
        $this->relations[$relation] = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set the entire relations array on the model.
     *
     * @param  array  $relations
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRelations(array $relations)
    {
        $this->relations = $relations;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the database connection for the model.
     *
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Connection
     */
    public function getConnection()
    {
        return static::resolveConnection($this->getConnectionName());
    }

    /**
     * Get the current connection name for the model.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getConnectionName()
    {
        return $this->connection;
    }

    /**
     * Set the connection associated with the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setConnection($name)
    {
        $this->connection = $name;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Resolve a connection instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $connection
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Connection
     */
    public static function resolveConnection($connection = null)
    {
        return static::$resolver->connection($connection);
    }

    /**
     * Get the connection resolver instance.
     *
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface
     */
    public static function getConnectionResolver()
    {
        return static::$resolver;
    }

    /**
     * Set the connection resolver instance.
     *
     * @param  \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface  $resolver
     * @return void
     */
    public static function setConnectionResolver(Resolver $resolver)
    {
        static::$resolver = $resolver;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the connection resolver for models.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public static function unsetConnectionResolver()
    {
        static::$resolver = null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the event dispatcher instance.
     *
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Contracts\Events\Dispatcher
     */
    public static function getEventDispatcher()
    {
        return static::$dispatcher;
    }

    /**
     * Set the event dispatcher instance.
     *
     * @param  \FluentCrm\Framework\Foundation\Dispatcher  $dispatcher
     * @return void
     */
    public static function setEventDispatcher(Dispatcher $dispatcher)
    {
        static::$dispatcher = $dispatcher;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the event dispatcher for models.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public static function unsetEventDispatcher()
    {
        static::$dispatcher = null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the mutated attributes for a given instance.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getMutatedAttributes()
    {
        $class = static::class;

        if (! isset(static::$mutatorCache[$class])) {
            static::cacheMutatedAttributes($class);
        }

        return static::$mutatorCache[$class];
    }

    /**
     * Extract and cache all the mutated attributes of a class.
     *
     * @param  string  $class
     * @return void
     */
    public static function cacheMutatedAttributes($class)
    {
        $mutatedAttributes = [];

        // Here we will extract all of the mutated attributes so that we can quickly
        // spin through them after we export models to their array form, which we
        // need to be fast. This'll let us know the attributes that can mutate.
        if (preg_match_all('/(?<=^|;)get([^;]+?)Attribute(;|$)/', implode(';', get_class_methods($class)), $matches)) {
            foreach ($matches[1] as $match) {
                if (static::$snakeAttributes) {
                    $match = Str::snake($match);
                }

                $mutatedAttributes[] = lcfirst($match);
            }
        }

        static::$mutatorCache[$class] = $mutatedAttributes;
    }

    /**
     * Dynamically retrieve attributes on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __get($key)
    {
        return $this->getAttribute($key);
    }

    /**
     * Dynamically set attributes on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return void
     */
    public function __set($key, $value)
    {
        $this->setAttribute($key, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given attribute exists.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @return bool
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetExists($offset)
    {
        return isset($this->$offset);
    }

    /**
     * Get the value for a given offset.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @return mixed
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetGet($offset)
    {
        return $this->$offset;
    }

    /**
     * Set the value for a given offset.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return void
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {
        $this->$offset = $value;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the value for a given offset.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @return void
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        unset($this->$offset);
    }

    /**
     * Determine if an attribute or relation exists on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function __isset($key)
    {
        return ! is_null($this->getAttribute($key));
    }

    /**
     * Unset an attribute on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return void
     */
    public function __unset($key)
    {
        unset($this->attributes[$key], $this->relations[$key]);
    }

    /**
     * Handle dynamic method calls into the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        if (in_array($method, ['increment', 'decrement'])) {
            return call_user_func_array([$this, $method], $parameters);
        }

        $query = $this->newQuery();

        return call_user_func_array([$query, $method], $parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Handle dynamic static method calls into the method.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
    {
        $instance = new static;

        return call_user_func_array([$instance, $method], $parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Convert the model to its string representation.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function __toString()
    {
        return $this->toJson();
    }

    /**
     * When a model is being unserialized, check if it needs to be booted.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __wakeup()
    {
        $this->bootIfNotBooted();
    }
}