@param  \DateTime  $date
     * @return string
     */
    protected function serializeDate(DateTime $date)
    {
        return $date->format($this->getDateFormat());
    }

    /**
     * Set the date format used by the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $format
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setDateFormat($format)
    {
        $this->dateFormat = $format;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Encode the given value as JSON.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return string
     */
    protected function asJson($value)
    {
        return json_encode($value);
    }

    /**
     * Decode the given JSON back into an array or object.
     *
     * @param  string  $value
     * @param  bool  $asObject
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function fromJson($value, $asObject = false)
    {
        return json_decode($value, ! $asObject);
    }

    /**
     * Clone the model into a new, non-existing instance.
     *
     * @param  array|null  $except
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Orm\Model
     */
    public function replicate(array $except = null)
    {
        $defaults = [
            $this->getKeyName(),
            $this->getCreatedAtColumn(),
            $this->getUpdatedAtColumn(),
        ];

        $except = $except ? array_unique(array_merge($except, $defaults)) : $defaults;

        $attributes = Arr::except($this->attributes, $except);

        $instance = new static;

        $instance->setRawAttributes($attributes);

        return $instance->setRelations($this->relations);
    }

    /**
     * Get all of the current attributes on the model.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getAttributes()
    {
        return $this->attributes;
    }

    /**
     * Set the array of model attributes. No checking is done.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @param  bool  $sync
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRawAttributes(array $attributes, $sync = false)
    {
        $this->attributes = $attributes;

        if ($sync) {
            $this->syncOriginal();
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the model's original attribute values.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $key
     * @param  mixed  $default
     * @return mixed|array
     */
    public function getOriginal($key = null, $default = null)
    {
        return Arr::get($this->original, $key, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Sync the original attributes with the current.
     *
     * @return $this
     */
    public function syncOriginal()
    {
        $this->original = $this->attributes;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sync a single original attribute with its current value.
     *
     * @param  string  $attribute
     * @return $this
     */
    public function syncOriginalAttribute($attribute)
    {
        $this->original[$attribute] = $this->attributes[$attribute];

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the model or given attribute(s) have been modified.
     *
     * @param  array|string|null  $attributes
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isDirty($attributes = null)
    {
        $dirty = $this->getDirty();

        if (is_null($attributes)) {
            return count($dirty) > 0;
        }

        if (! is_array($attributes)) {
            $attributes = func_get_args();
        }

        foreach ($attributes as $attribute) {
            if (array_key_exists($attribute, $dirty)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Get the attributes that have been changed since last sync.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getDirty()
    {
        $dirty = [];

        foreach ($this->attributes as $key => $value) {
            if (! array_key_exists($key, $this->original)) {
                $dirty[$key] = $value;
            } elseif ($value !== $this->original[$key] &&
                                 ! $this->originalIsNumericallyEquivalent($key)) {
                $dirty[$key] = $value;
            }
        }

        return $dirty;
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the new and old values for a given key are numerically equivalent.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function originalIsNumericallyEquivalent($key)
    {
        $current = $this->attributes[$key];

        $original = $this->original[$key];

        return is_numeric($current) && is_numeric($original) && strcmp((string) $current, (string) $original) === 0;
    }

    /**
     * Get all the loaded relations for the instance.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getRelations()
    {
        return $this->relations;
    }

    /**
     * Get a specified relationship.
     *
     * @param  string  $relation
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getRelation($relation)
    {
        return $this->relations[$relation];
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given relation is loaded.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function relationLoaded($key)
    {
        return array_key_exists($key, $this->relations);
    }

    /**
     * Set the specific relationship in the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $relation
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRelation($relation, $value)
    {
        $this->relations[$relation] = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set the entire relations array on the model.
     *
     * @param  array  $relations
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setRelations(array $relations)
    {
        $this->relations = $relations;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the database connection for the model.
     *
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Connection
     */
    public function getConnection()
    {
        return static::resolveConnection($this->getConnectionName());
    }

    /**
     * Get the current connection name for the model.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getConnectionName()
    {
        return $this->connection;
    }

    /**
     * Set the connection associated with the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $name
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setConnection($name)
    {
        $this->connection = $name;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Resolve a connection instance.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $connection
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\Connection
     */
    public static function resolveConnection($connection = null)
    {
        return static::$resolver->connection($connection);
    }

    /**
     * Get the connection resolver instance.
     *
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface
     */
    public static function getConnectionResolver()
    {
        return static::$resolver;
    }

    /**
     * Set the connection resolver instance.
     *
     * @param  \FluentCrm\Framework\Database\ConnectionResolverInterface  $resolver
     * @return void
     */
    public static function setConnectionResolver(Resolver $resolver)
    {
        static::$resolver = $resolver;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the connection resolver for models.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public static function unsetConnectionResolver()
    {
        static::$resolver = null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the event dispatcher instance.
     *
     * @return \FluentCrm\Framework\Contracts\Events\Dispatcher
     */
    public static function getEventDispatcher()
    {
        return static::$dispatcher;
    }

    /**
     * Set the event dispatcher instance.
     *
     * @param  \FluentCrm\Framework\Foundation\Dispatcher  $dispatcher
     * @return void
     */
    public static function setEventDispatcher(Dispatcher $dispatcher)
    {
        static::$dispatcher = $dispatcher;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the event dispatcher for models.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public static function unsetEventDispatcher()
    {
        static::$dispatcher = null;
    }

    /**
     * Get the mutated attributes for a given instance.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getMutatedAttributes()
    {
        $class = static::class;

        if (! isset(static::$mutatorCache[$class])) {
            static::cacheMutatedAttributes($class);
        }

        return static::$mutatorCache[$class];
    }

    /**
     * Extract and cache all the mutated attributes of a class.
     *
     * @param  string  $class
     * @return void
     */
    public static function cacheMutatedAttributes($class)
    {
        $mutatedAttributes = [];

        // Here we will extract all of the mutated attributes so that we can quickly
        // spin through them after we export models to their array form, which we
        // need to be fast. This'll let us know the attributes that can mutate.
        if (preg_match_all('/(?<=^|;)get([^;]+?)Attribute(;|$)/', implode(';', get_class_methods($class)), $matches)) {
            foreach ($matches[1] as $match) {
                if (static::$snakeAttributes) {
                    $match = Str::snake($match);
                }

                $mutatedAttributes[] = lcfirst($match);
            }
        }

        static::$mutatorCache[$class] = $mutatedAttributes;
    }

    /**
     * Dynamically retrieve attributes on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __get($key)
    {
        return $this->getAttribute($key);
    }

    /**
     * Dynamically set attributes on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return void
     */
    public function __set($key, $value)
    {
        $this->setAttribute($key, $value);
    }

    /**
     * Determine if the given attribute exists.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @return bool
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetExists($offset)
    {
        return isset($this->$offset);
    }

    /**
     * Get the value for a given offset.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @return mixed
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetGet($offset)
    {
        return $this->$offset;
    }

    /**
     * Set the value for a given offset.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @return void
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {
        $this->$offset = $value;
    }

    /**
     * Unset the value for a given offset.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $offset
     * @return void
     */
    #[\ReturnTypeWillChange]
    public function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        unset($this->$offset);
    }

    /**
     * Determine if an attribute or relation exists on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return bool
     */
    public function __isset($key)
    {
        return ! is_null($this->getAttribute($key));
    }

    /**
     * Unset an attribute on the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $key
     * @return void
     */
    public function __unset($key)
    {
        unset($this->attributes[$key], $this->relations[$key]);
    }

    /**
     * Handle dynamic method calls into the model.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function __call($method, $parameters)
    {
        if (in_array($method, ['increment', 'decrement'])) {
            return call_user_func_array([$this, $method], $parameters);
        }

        $query = $this->newQuery();

        return call_user_func_array([$query, $method], $parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Handle dynamic static method calls into the method.
     *
     * @param  string  $method
     * @param  array  $parameters
     * @return mixed
     */
    public static function __callStatic($method, $parameters)
    {
        $instance = new static;

        return call_user_func_array([$instance, $method], $parameters);
    }

    /**
     * Convert the model to its string representation.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function __toString()
    {
        return $this->toJson();
    }

    /**
     * When a model is being unserialized, check if it needs to be booted.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __wakeup()
    {
        $this->bootIfNotBooted();
    }
}